The Crisis And Its Effects On The International Business...

In our society, we are dealing with conflicts that affect us greatly. Most of these conflicts are involved with wars, politics, and financial issues. We usually learn from these problems and make sure they don’t get happen again. Maintaining the peace is an important element for us to become a better person. Even though, we might have encountered many issues, Europe is the one country that is still having a major crisis. Many of the refugees are attempting to gain freedom from their suffering of war. The only problem is that many of them are struggling to reach the European borders. The reason is because transportations are limited, and it is hard to attain. The Europe, migrant crisis has been occurring for a while, as it has an impact on†¦show more content†¦In this case, the Europe’s migrant crisis must be dealt with extreme caution. During the rise of the European migrant crisis, Syrian refugees have captured the attention of different countries around the w orld. Furthermore, it has become a troublesome for international businesses. For instance, companies or firms would have to operate differently to avoid loss in profit. Current employees would also be replaced with Syrian refugees due to cheap labor. This would make the unemployment rate go down, but either increase or remain unchanged (Sharma). In addition, companies might have to pay heavy taxes for the refugees to learn and adapt to their new homes. According to Mr. Smith’s article, he mentioned how â€Å"the cost of absorbing the migrants is undeniable† (Smith). In this case, companies would have to figure out a way to deal with this problem, as it could harm them. Even though refugees are moving into the Europe countries, they could help international companies by bringing something new to the market. It would not just help the business, but increase the job rate. Besides the impact on international business, the economy is beginning to change. The growth of the economy is becoming difficult to maintain because of population rate is increasing, especially with the arrival of the refugees. To expand upon this, Holly Ellyatt

The Epidemic Of Heroin Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

Because of the huge handiness of drugs and its impact on many aspects of health care and the economic system, it is imperative that wellness attention suppliers and policy shapers understand what drugs are being abused, who uses these drugs, where the drugs come from, and the wellness and economic load on the United States. It is going extremely of import for those straight involved with substance maltreaters to understand the physiological effects, psychosocial effects and backdown effects of drugs. Opiates and opiate derived functions in peculiar, whether illicit ( such as diacetylmorphine ) or prescription ( such as Oxycontin ) are being to a great extent abused across the state. We will write a custom essay sample on The Epidemic Of Heroin Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now These drugs can hold serious wellness deductions during usage and during disconnected surcease ( detoxification or backdown ) . This paper will show a reappraisal of the literature on the epidemic of diacetylmorphine and prescription opiate maltreatment. Through a critical reappraisal, constructs such as the prevalence of the job, the physiologic effects of maltreatment, the current tendencies in direction of the job and deductions for nursing and health care will be explored. Background Before proceeding, it is of import to briefly discourse the basic pharmacological medicine of opiate drugs. Opiates, otherwise known as narcotics, include the drugs diacetylmorphine, morphia, codeine, oxycontin, hydrocodone, dolophine hydrochloride and other chemically-related derived functions. All opiates are considered dispensable merely by prescription in the United States with the exclusion of diacetylmorphine, which is illegal in all fortunes. Opiates wield their effects by triping pleasance centres in the encephalon. The neurobiochemical theoretical account of dependence suggests that over clip, the encephalon ‘s chemical science alterations so that it yearns for the substance when it is non at that place and can bring forth physiologic effects of backdown when stopped. Heroin for illustration, which is chemically-related to morphine ( the chemical name for diacetylmorphine is diamorphine ) readily crosses the blood-brain barrier to do a rapid spilling of Dopastat into t he dopaminergic receptors of the encephalon ‘s nerve cells. For this ground, the drug is easy habit-forming and absence of the drug causes a esthesis of hungering and can do feelings of unwellness, such as sickness and diarrhoea, when stopped suddenly. . Prevalence of the Problem Several research workers in the nursing, allied wellness and economic sciences subjects have explored and discussed the prevalence of prescription opiate maltreatment and hypotheses of the beginning of the job. However, there is a big spread in the literature related to the prevalence of illicit drug maltreatment ( diacetylmorphine ) among different populations. The prevalence informations for diacetylmorphine maltreatment in the US is mostly reported by national study tendencies, such as the National Institute of Drug Abuse ( portion of the National Institutes of Health ) Survey on Drug Use and Health ( NSDUH ) . Even so, the monolithic study papers pays small attending to the job of diacetylmorphine maltreatment and studies merely two per centum of the 67,500 study respondents utilizing diacetylmorphine in the month predating the study ( National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2009 ) . The etiology of prescription drug abuse and maltreatment is discussed more to a great extent in the literature than is heroin maltreatment. Harmonizing to the NSDUH, in 2009 4.8 % of the study respondents aged 12 and older reported utilizing prescription opiates for non-medical grounds. Of those, over 55 % reported obtaining the drug for free from a friend or comparative, and 4.8 % reported buying the drug from a trader on the streets ( National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2009 ) . Research workers at Columbia University surveyed striplings aged 12 to 17 in 2005 and found that 9.3 % reported the abuse of prescription opiates over the past month. In researching the striplings ‘ motivations for maltreatment, the research workers found that the most normally reported motivations were easiness of attainment and affordability. Among immature grownup college pupils, prevalence of non-medical prescription opiate maltreatment has been reported between seven and nine per centum in the past month to twelve to fourteen per centum life-time prevalence. One of the most at-risk groups for abuse of and dependence to prescription opiates is the chronic hurting population. When used suitably, opiate hurting medicines are a gilded criterion of attention for serious pain-related conditions ( such as post-operative hurting, neuropathic hurting and so on ) . In an attempt to better manage hurting, the figure of prescriptions for opiate medicines increased 154 % in the ten-year period from 1992 to 2002, even though the population of the United States increased by merely 13 % . Although prescription opiates have been used to handle hurting and better the quality of life among acute and chronic hurting patients, the coming of the drugs ‘ abuse has led to a broad organic structure of literature on normative patterns and monitoring of opiate drugs. There delicate balance between pull offing hurting adequately and the hazard for abuse, dependence and recreation has been discussed in the literature late, mostly among the adolescent/young grownup and chronic hurting populations. Although there is a general deficiency in the literature of the figure of people prescribed opiates for chronic hurting. There is a big organic structure of literature which suggests that the increased figure of prescription opiates for chronic hurting patients has contributed significantly to the drug maltreatment job. In surveies to look into the usage of prescription opiates for chronic hurting, it has been found that hurting intervention programs are thin, good certification on the patient ‘s wellness history and history of substance maltreatment is rare, and opiates are sometimes improperly utilised or non indicated at all. Health Consequences of Opiate Abuse Both prescription and illicit opiates have the possible to exercise a myriad of ague and chronic negative wellness effects for the user. Neurological diminution, vision alterations, cardiac abnormalcies, vascular complications, pneumonic upsets and mortality have been studied and reported. In a survey of over 500 opiate nuts, electrocardiographic alterations were documented in 61 % of the sample. These ECG alterations included ST-segment lift, which may bespeak ischaemic bosom harm ( or deficiency of oxygen-rich blood to the myocardium ) and QTc protraction ( seen largely with dolophine hydrochloride nuts ) . Prolonged QTc intervals may take to inappropriate triggering of the ventricles and may take to potentially deadly ventricular tachycardia. The usage of diacetylmorphine and other drugs by injection with non-sterile or reused acerate leafs may bring forth powerful toxins in the blood stream taking to endocarditis, left ventricular bleeding and decease. Research workers in Ireland reviewed the autopsy findings from eight instances of diacetylmorphine users and found rapid fatal unwellness caused by the endotoxin Clostridium novyi which caused fatal subendocardial bleeding, spleen expansion and pneumonic hydrops in all of the topics studied. Heroin can do important acute peripheral and cardinal nervous system complications such as neuropathy and hearing loss. In a survey six of endovenous and intranasal diacetylmorphine users admitted to the infirmary for acute unwellness, five had documented rhabdomyolysis between three and 36 hours after disposal of the drug. In each of the five instances, there was no documented injury. Typically rhabdomyolysis occurs after a traumatic, compression-type hurt where enzymes slop into the muscular structure and cause rapid neurological diminution, loss of musculus tone and coma. In each of the topics studied, no injury or compaction hurt occurred. In a group of patients with a reported history of â€Å" speedballing † ( or blending diacetylmorphine and cocaine ) , 2 of the 16 studied experient sudden, bilateral sensorineural hearing loss four hours after â€Å" speedballing † which resolved within three yearss. One extra participant experienced sudden hearing loss after â⠂¬Å" speedballing † but one-sidedly. The mechanism by which the hearing loss occurred was described as a possible cochlear toxicity or autoimmune reaction related straight to the drugs. Injection of drugs of any type can do vascular complications, tegument and soft tissue infections and infective diseases such as hepatitis and HIV. In the most terrible instances, opiate maltreatment may take to decease, by and large from overdose. Heroin has been related to 1.65 deceases per 100,000 people in the Florida population entirely over the last decennary and in Alabama between 1986 and 2003, a reappraisal of medical tester ‘s studies revealed those who ‘s cause of sudden decease was undermined were 5.3 times more likely to hold a history of drug maltreatment. Research workers in the United Kingdom have farther investigated heroin deceases and concluded that overdose related to heroin seldom occurs after the usage of heroin alone- in 50 % of the instances they reviewed, intoxicant was besides involved. Although surveies have been published on the wellness effects of maltreatment itself, a reappraisal of nursing, medical and allied wellness literature shows a important deficiency of surveies on the wellness effects of backdown ( disconnected surcease ) of opiate drugs. Several surveies have been found associating to the usage of pharmacotherapy to handle opiate dependence ( such as dolophine hydrochloride and similar plans ) but no surveies have explored the physiologic effects of backdown without medicine aid. Searching on-line databases for relevant articles on opiate backdown does non give any surveies other than those utilizing medication-assisted backdown therapies ( such as dolophine hydrochloride and buprenorphine ) . This is of import to populations such as inmates in a correctional installation where pharmacotherapy is non by and large used during detoxification and requires farther attending. In amount, the possible health-related effects of opiate maltreatment can negatively impact a myriad of organic structure systems. The hazard of potentially fatal infective disease, neurological and cardiovascular complications and decease by overdose creates a public wellness job that demands attending. Health attention suppliers in all spheres must be able to quickly and suitably place those at hazard. Deductions for Advanced Nursing Practice Nurse practicians are allowed normative authorization in about any province across the state. Depending on the pattern scene, they may order opiates to handle hurting. Opiates are the gilded criterion for handling moderate to severe hurting in both ague and chronic hurting syndromes. There has been some discourse in the literature on the quandary to handle or non to handle hurting with opiates. On the one manus, effectual hurting direction is non merely ethical but besides opiates are effectual for many patients for hurting direction – and on the other manus there is a fright of abuse, dependance and dependence issues. The ability for advanced pattern nurses to place drug-seeking behaviour, issues with dependence and possible recreation of opiates is important to the job of opiate maltreatment. As it has been documented in the literature, recreation of prescription opiates by and large occurs with the patient merchandising, trading or giving away the medicine to another. Harmo nizing to Annie Gerhardt, exigency room nurse practician, â€Å" drug searchers become victims of their ain disease † , going involved in a tangled web of dependence, drug-seeking, drug recreation and condemnable behaviour that escalates over clip with increased drug usage. Gerhardt ( 2004 ) suggests supervising patients treated with opiates for replenishing Master of Educations before their follow up assignments, patient studies of â€Å" losing † medicines, trying to see different suppliers for hurting medicines ( which can normally be identified by pharmaceuticss ) , and â€Å" scamming † suppliers for more medicines by congratulating the supplier or the office staff or displaying increased degrees of hurting in order to secure more medicine. When ordering opiates to handle hurting in patients already known to hold dependence issues, utilizing sustained-released preparations may cut down dependence while adequately handling hurting. Sustained-release preparat ions normally have a reduced street value and are less likely to be sold and diverted, and the backdown from sustained-release opiates is typically non as terrible. In footings of advanced pattern nursing, prescribers have the alone ability to screen for possible dependence issues, monitor those who are prescribed habit-forming medicines and potentially control recreation of those medicines to others for whom they are non prescribed. Ultimately, the cognition of drugs of maltreatment and health-related effects is of import for nurses at all degrees to possess. Deductions for Research To further add to the organic structure of literature on the topic of opiate drug maltreatment, dependence and backdown, several countries still need to be explored. First, forms of drug usage in single populations and communities should be investigated. The types of drugs most normally used, the paths of disposal of these drugs and their negative health-related effects should be studied in a assortment of communities, both urban and rural, to derive a better apprehension of the forms of usage across the state. More research is needed beyond simple prevalence surveies on the figure of people who use to spread out on the existent forms of maltreatment. Similarly, the psychosocial effect of drug usage across different populations needs farther probe in order to joint the negative impact on persons and communities. Because the disconnected surcease of opiate drugs without medicine aid occurs often in specific scenes, more research needs to be done on the physiological effects of non-assisted detoxification. The forms of symptoms of backdown and negative wellness effects among populations such as the incarcerated and the hospitalized demand to be explored. The potency for the development of evidence-based protocols for the direction of maltreatment and backdown in these scenes can happen one time the forms of symptoms and wellness effects are documented. Decision In amount, the job of drug maltreatment ( which extends far beyond even opiate drugs ) has been reported in multiple beginnings, and prevalence surveies seem rampant in the literature. However, much more work demands to be done on the effects of drug maltreatment from a health care position across a assortment of populations in different scenes to get down to understand the impact of drugs on communities. How to cite The Epidemic Of Heroin Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Human Resource Management for Wal-Mart - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theHuman Resource Management for Wal-Mart. Answer: Compensation strategy is an important term used in managing human resources of the company. These strategies are made to define the pay and benefits of the employees. It serves as a guide to manage the employee compensation Lotich (2017). As per Carroll (2010), a compensation strategy is made in a way which stands in the comparison or above the competitors in the market. Wal- Mart, as all know is a leader in the super market industry. Also, it is a price leader. They are competing with other supermarket brands on the basis of price whereas other stores like Nordstrom do to compete on price. Both are different in terms of service, clients and different strategies like compensation strategy. Compensation strategies are made in order to reward their employees. The compensation strategy of Wal-Mart makes sure that the employees help the organisation in bringing the costs down because this is the only USP of the super market. The compensation strategy of Wal-Mart includes Basic Pay which is made on the basis of hours worked and it is below the national average because low wages are paid as compared to industrys national average. There are other benefits as well with the basic pay. These includes benefits like stock purchase plan, associate discounts, health insurance plans. There are incentives and this motivates workers to work more effectively (Thompson, 2017). There are some factors which are to be considered while developing a compensation strategy. The factors which are considered by Wal-Mart while developing compensation strategy are: Budget: Compensation budget is to be determined before developing compensation strategy. The compensation strategies of Wal-Mart are focussed on minimising the costs of the business. But with that the company also look for career development of the employees by paying them as per their performance and to the ones who supports the global performance of the company (Thompson, 2017). Employee behaviour: the desirable attitudes and behaviours are to be identified before designing compensation strategy. The compensation schemes should be based on the performance of the employees. Organisation growth and development and objectives: Growth of organisation determines the compensation strategy of employees and it is also based on the long term and short term gains of the organisation (Heng, 2017). Pay the individual team and its performance is to be considered. Retaining right talent: Wal-Mart has to determine what rewards and pay could help them retaining the best talent in the organisation. Local pay and reward practices: Local laws and practices are to be considered while developing the compensation strategies like taxes, labour markets or inflation (Fox Riley, 2013). References Carroll, S 2010, Developing a Competitive Compensation Strategy, PayScale. Fox, K Riley, L 2013, Making global compensation a reality at Wal-Mart, HayGroup. Heng, G 2017, Developing a Compensation Strategy. Retrieved from https://www.lilkuya.com/developing-compensation-strategy/. Lotich, P 2017, 7 Keys To an Effective Compensation Strategy, The Thriving Small Business. Thompson, A 2017, Walmarts HRM: Compensation, Career Development, Panmore Institute.

White Collar Crime Essays (1497 words) - Property Crimes

White Collar Crime White collar crime Welcome to the age of white collar crime. A time when the words thieves and businessmen go hand in hand. White collar criminals dont get their hands dirty in their work. They use their heads to get what they want instead of using a little muscle. These criminals are just as dangerous as the rapists and murderers. In these times, even the most seemingly respectable people are suspected of white collar crimes. President Clinton and the first lady Hillary Clinton have been tangled up in the Whitewater and Travelgate business ventures. Although the two have not been formally charged with any wrongdoing, there is a committee currently investigating their dealings and charges are not out of the question for either of them. In Michael Isikoffs and Mark Hosenballs Newsweek article Cracks in the Wall, they describe the Clintons dealings with Whitewater and the possible consequences of them: The Senate Whitewater committee is considering asking for perjury charges against Susan Thomas and Magg ie Williams, Mrs. Clintons chief of staff, in connection with her testimony about the removal of documents from Vince Fosters office (Isikoff 29). This case goes to show that there presently a growing problem with our country, and it is called white collar crime. White collar crimes are very numerous in kind. New ones are always being invented by someone with a good scam. Embezzlement, tax evasion, and fraud are some of the more popular kinds. A person who has the power of controlling money in a business is most likely commit embezzlement. A shortened definition of embezzlement is to steal money that is entrusted to Phillips 2 one. This is one of the fastest rising crimes in the nation. According to the Federal Bureau of Investigation, embezzlement rose thirty eight percent from 1984 to 1993 (U.S. Dept. of Justice 239). Forgery is another growing form of white collar crime. This is defined as the act of imitating or counterfeiting documents or signatures for the purpose of deceiving someone. Forgery also shows the same growth trends as embezzlement. From 1984 to 1993 forgery and counterfeiting increased twenty-one percent (U.S. Dept. of Justice 240). Bogus ads, job scams, and telephone scams are all examples of fraud. Basically these scams ask you to send money for something that is non-existent. An example of a telephone scam would be if someone called to ask for donations for a phony organization or charity. If you donated the money, it would either not get to the organization or charity you wanted, or the charity simply did not exist in the first place. The most obvious way these crimes differ from other crimes is that they dont require any dirty work. When people think of crimes, they think of get away cars and bank heists, but many criminals never even touch a gun. Their weapon of choice is a computer or a telephone. They are just as deadly with these as the man with the gun in the bank. White collar crimes are committed out of greed. The people who usual ly commit these crimes are financially secure. A lot of crimes are committed out of greed, but virtually all white collar crimes are committed out of greed. Statistics show that the majority of white collar crimes are committed by certain groups of people. Using the Federal Bureau of Investigations findings, White collar crimes are definitely committed by certain people. nine thousand five-hundred and six people, who were all over eighteen, were arrested for embezzlement in nine-teen ninety three. Only five hundred and eighty- Phillips 3 six people under eighteen were arrested for the same crime, in the same year. The findings were nearly the same although for men and women. Men were one and a half times more likely than women to embezzle money. The statistics for fraud and forgery were nearly the same (U.S. Dept. of Justice 239) From these findings, men over eighteen are most likely to be charged with embezzlement, fraud or forgery. Women over the age of eighteen are a little less likely to commit one of the specified white collar crimes. People in authority positions are also more likely to commit these crimes. These people have more

A Brief Biography of Princess Diana

A Brief Biography of Princess Diana Who Was Princess Diana? Princess Diana, the wife of British Prince Charles, endeared herself to the public through her warmth and caring. From her picture-perfect wedding to her untimely death in a car accident, Princess Diana was in the spotlight nearly at all times. Despite problems with so much attention, Princess Diana tried to use this publicity to bring attention to worthy causes such as the elimination of AIDS and landmines. She also became truly a princess of the people when she publicly shared her struggles with depression and bulimia, becoming a role model for those who suffer from those ailments. Dates July 1, 1961 - August 31, 1997 Also Known As Diana Frances Spencer; Lady Diana Spencer; Her Royal Highness, the Princess of Wales; Princess Di; Diana, Princess of Wales Childhood Diana was born in 1961 as the third daughter of Edward John Spencer and his wife Frances Ruth Burke Roche. Diana grew up in a very privileged family that had a long history of close ties with the royal family. When Dianas paternal grandfather passed away in 1975, Dianas father became the 8th Earl of Spencer and Diana gained the title of Lady. In 1969, Dianas parents divorced. Her mothers affair helped the court decide to give custody of the couples four children to Dianas father. Both of her parents eventually remarried, but the divorce left an emotional scar on Diana. Diana attended school at West Heath in Kent and then spent a short time at a finishing school in Switzerland. Although she was not an excellent student academically, her determined personality, caring nature, and cheerful outlook helped her through it. After returning from Switzerland, Diana rented an apartment with two friends, worked with children at the Young England Kindergarten, and watched movies and visited restaurants in her free time. Falling in Love With Prince Charles It was about this time that Prince Charles, in his early 30s, was under increasing pressure to choose a wife. Dianas vibrancy, cheerfulness, and good family background caught the attention of Prince Charles and the two began dating in mid-1980. It was a whirlwind romance for on February 24, 1981, Buckingham Palace officially announced the couples engagement. At the time, Lady Diana and Prince Charles seemed truly in love and the whole world was awed by what seemed like a fairytale romance. It was the wedding of the decade; nearly 3,500 people attended and approximately 750 million people from around the world watched it on television. To the envy of young women everywhere, Lady Diana married Prince Charles on July 29, 1981, at St. Pauls Cathedral. Less than a year after the wedding, Diana gave birth to William Arthur Philip Louis on June 21, 1982. Two years after William was born, Diana gave birth to Henry (Harry) Charles Albert David on September 15, 1984. Marriage Problems While Diana, now known as Princess Di, quickly gained the love and appreciation of the public, there were definitely problems in her marriage by the time Prince Harry was born. The stresses of Dianas numerous new roles (including wife, mother, and princess) were overwhelming. These pressures plus the extreme media coverage and post-natal depression left Diana lonely and depressed. Although she tried to maintain a positive public persona, at home she was crying out for help. Diana suffered from bulimia, cut herself on her arms and legs, and made several suicide attempts. Prince Charles, who was jealous of Dianas extra media attention and unprepared to handle her depression and self-destructive behavior, quickly started to drift away from her. This led Diana to spend the mid- to late-1980s, unhappy, lonely, and depressed. Dianas Support of Many Worthy Causes During these lonely years, Diana tried to find a place for herself. She had become what many describe as the most photographed woman in the world. The public loved her, which meant that the media followed her everywhere she went and commented on everything she wore, said, or did. Diana found that her presence comforted many who were sick or dying. She dedicated herself to a number of causes, most especially to the elimination of AIDS and landmines. In 1987, when Diana became the first famous person to be photographed touching someone with AIDS, she made a huge impact in dissolving the myth that AIDS could be contracted merely by touch. Divorce and Death In December 1992, a formal separation was announced between Diana and Charles and in 1996, a divorce was agreed to which was finalized on August 28. In the settlement, Diana was given $28 million, plus $600,000 per year but she was to give up the title, Her Royal Highness. Dianas hard-won freedom did not last long. On August 31, 1997, Diana was riding in a Mercedes with her boyfriend (Dodi Al Fayed), bodyguard, and chauffeur when the car crashed into a pillar of the tunnel under the Pont de lAlma bridge in Paris while fleeing from paparazzi. Diana, age 36, died on the operating table at the hospital. Her tragic death shocked the world. Initially, the public blamed the paparazzi for the accident. However, further investigation proved that the primary cause of the accident was that the chauffeur had been driving under the influence of both drugs and alcohol.

Saying Could in Spanish Using Poder and Other Verbs

Saying Could in Spanish Using Poder and Other Verbs Although the English auxiliary verb could is typically thought of as the past tense of the verb can, it shouldnt always be translated to Spanish as a past tense of poder. Could usually can be translated as a form of poder (a verb typically meaning to be able), however. Following are some of the common ways that could is used in English and various ways the idea can be expressed in Spanish. Translating Could When It Means Was Able or Were Able Usually, you can use the preterite tense of poder if youre talking about a one-time event or a specific period in time, but the imperfect tense should be used if youre talking about an indefinite period. The miner couldnt leave the tunnel. El minero no pudo salir del tà ºnel. (The sentence refers to an ability that existed at a particular and limited time, so the preterite is used.)I couldnt leave the city more than once a year. Yo no podà ­a salir de la ciudad ms que una vez por aà ±o. (The sentence refers to a ability that existed over an indefiite time, so the imperfect is used.)We could always count on him for advice. Siempre podà ­amos contar con à ©l para sugerencias.After five hours I could finally do it. Despuà ©s de cinco horas por fin pude hacerlo.I thought I could do it better. Pensà © que yo podà ­a hacerlo mejor.Couldnt you see the solar eclipse?  ¿No pudiste ver el eclipse solar? Although the distinction isnt always a clear one, if by saying was able or were able you mean knew how to, the verb saber is often preferable, usually in the imperfect tense: Obviously, he thought I could drive. Obviamente, à ©l creà ­a que yo sabà ­a manejar.We could make fantastic sand castles. Sabà ­amos construir fantsticos castillos de arena. Translating Could as a Suggestion or Request In English we often use could as a substitute for can in order to be polite or to soften the tone of what were saying. You can do much the same thing in Spanish by using the conditional tense of poder, although often the present tense works just as well. For example, to say, You could come with me to fish for trout, you could say either Puedes ir conmigo a pescar truchas or Podrà ­as ir conmigo a pescar truchas. Translating Expressions Such as If I Could Expressions such as if I could usually use the imperfect subjunctive: If I could turn back time, I wouldnt have answered the telephone. Si yo pudiera regresar el tiempo, no habrà ­a contestado el telà ©fono.If he could eat cake instead of vegetables he would be very happy. Si à ©l pudiera comer el postre en vez de vegetales à ©l serà ­a muy feliz.If we could see it, we would buy it. Si pudià ©ramos verlo, lo comprarà ­amos. Discussing What Could Have Been A common way of saying that something could have been, but wasnt, is to use the preterite of poder followed by haber. If something might have occurred over an indefinite time, the imperfect might also be used. It could have been worse. Pudo haber sido peor.The team could have been much more aggressive. El equipo pudo haber sido mucho ms agresivo.With more time, we could have eliminated more of the mistakes. Con ms tiempo, pudià ©ramos haber eliminado algunos ms de los errores.They could have saved my son. Podà ­an haber a mi hijo. Translating Could in Expressions of Possibility Various expressions of possibility can often be used to translate could when it means that something is possible. Often the present tense of poder can be used as well. One way to translate sentences using could in that way is to think of an alternative way of expressing the idea in English, and then translating to Spanish. The following translations arent the only ones possible: They could be the same person. Es posible que sean las mismas personas. (Literally, it is possible that they are the same persons.)It could be my imagination. Posiblemente sea mi imaginacià ³n. (Literally, it is possible that it is my imagination.)I could leave now. Ahora puedo salir. (Literally, I can leave now.)If we want to, we could take a walk through the city. Si queremos, podemos dar un paseo por la ciudad. (Literally, if we want to, we can take a walk through the city.)

Econmics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Econmics - Essay Example (Ratnovski & Huang, 2009) The authors recognize that there are various factors that have led to the resilience of the banking sector in Canada. To this effect, he has subdivided the paper into two sections dealing with factors that may have contributed to the resilience. In the first section, they identify capitalization, liquidity as well as what funding structure the banks have employed. These are the conditions that existed before the crisis began and they play a major role in the paper to identify some of the strengths of the Canadian banks. To get the real picture, the authors have compared the structure of the Canadian banks with that of other countries in the region. This enables a reader to identify the differences in Canada and other countries, which was the sole reason for the banks being able to withstand the crisis. It is important to understand that these differences may not be the same in each country but, generally, there are structures that are common in the other OECD countries that are not present in Canada. The authors have identified these differences and the reader can be able to understand why the structures are an important part of the banking sector. Still in the first section, the authors explain how capitalization can be a problem to banks whenever a crisis appears. The authors define capitalization and this enables the reader to understand how this aspect of the banking sector plays a role. For simple comparison, the authors define capitalization as the ratio of the net worth of the bank, having subtracted its debts, to its total assets. This definition sets the pace for the reader to catch up with the authors. The article shows the strengths of the Canadian banks with regard to this aspect. The relative strength of the banks is seen as one of the advantages that Canadian banks have over other OECD banks. Liquidity in

Cartoons of the prophet Mohamed Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Cartoons of the prophet Mohamed - Essay Example The current free of charge market system has realistic imperfections, but also some thoughts of faultlessness, which can motivate us to discover "ideal" solutions to old tribulations that had no fine resolution previous to, like those of conveying and implementation of the universal attention and opposing dishonesty. From liberalism, is reserved the inspiration of not using power (specifically, to make the use of force needless). This makes it probable to put into practice the fresh laws everywhere with no call for of assistance from presented political establishments. The Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons argument started following to the editorial perspective portraying the Islamic Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) were issued in the Danish newspaper by the name of Jyllands-Posten on September 30, 2005. Danish Muslim associations conducted remonstration in comeback. As the argument has expanded, few or all of the cartoons have been printed again in newspapers in addition to fifty different c ountries, primarily to aggressive disapprovals , specially in the Islamic countries. Opponents assert that the cartoons are ethnically abusive, Islamophobic, sacrilegious, and purposely done to disgrace a rare Danish minority. Devotees of the cartoons declare they exemplify a significant aspect and their newspaper implement the precise right of free speech. They also state that there are comparable cartoons about many other religions, disputing that Islam and its devotees have not been intended in a seperable way.

Racial Profiling Essay Example for Free

Racial Profiling Essay Introduction What is racial profiling? The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) defines racial profiling as â€Å"the discriminatory practice by law enforcement officials of targeting individuals for suspicion of crime based on the individual’s race, ethnicity, religion or national origin† (2005). Do not confuse racial profiling with criminal profiling; criminal profiling is usually practiced by police in which they use a group of characteristics that are associated with crime to target individuals (ACLU, 2005). Examples of racial profiling include using ones race to target specific drivers for traffic violations and pedestrians for illegal contraband; another prime example is the targeting of Muslims, Arabs, and South Asians since 9/11 in regards to minor immigrant violations without any connection to the attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon (ACLU, 2005). Without a doubt, racial profiling occurs on a daily basis all over the world; however let’s focus on racial profiling in the United States and specifically right here in our homeland, Michigan. Background History When did racial profiling first begin? Even though racial profiling still exists today, it is not a recently new phenomenon. Racial profiling can date back to the 1700s when slavery was a common way of life for many African Americans. Like present-day racial profiling, one’s skin color is what has made them subject to discriminatory treatment from law enforcement (Rushing, K., 2013). In South Carolina, white men policed the black slaves on plantations and hunted for escaped slaves; this was referred to as â€Å"slave patrol†. Most slaves were not free, and if they were they had to carry freedom papers or a pass to prove that they had permission to be off of the plantation (Rushing, K., 2013). If a black person was found to have run away they were beaten, whipped or even killed as the consequence. Even into the 20th century, after slavery, blacks were again forced into another form of involuntary servitude called convict leasing; this is where they were leased to work fo r private companies, whether it be on plantations or railroads and coal mines (Rushing, K., 2013). Regardless of what the 14th amendment states in the Constitution, laws were still broken and applied differently to blacks and whites. This became a major issue when the War on Drugs began in 1982. Reagan wanted to stop drug use and sales with ruthless sentencing  laws; they focused on urban black neighborhoods to promote anti-drug efforts. Although the prison population tripled there were substantial racial disparities; in 2010 the US Bureau of Justice Statistics indicated that black males had an imprisonment rate that was nearly seven times higher than white men (Rushing, K., 2013). And the rate of incarceration among black women was almost three times that of white women; a Human Rights Watch study in 2009 showed that blacks are arrested at much higher rates than whites even though they commit drug offense at comparable rates (Rushing, K., 2013). Racial profiling isn’t spec ifically focused on drug offenses but focuses on any form of crime being committed by any person who isn’t of white decent. There are many notorious instances where racial profiling has occurred including bicycling while black and brown in Eastpointe, Michigan, walking while black and brown in New York City, and gang database racial profiling in Orange County, California. In Eastpointe, 21 young black youths were stopped by police because they were riding their bicycles through a white suburb. The ACLU joined the suite against Eastpointe, Michigan, to represent the youths. They argued that the â€Å"bicyclists were stopped in this predominantly white suburb of Detroit because of their race and not because they were doing anything wrong† (ACLU, 2005). In 1996 a memo sent to the Eastpointe City Manager had a statement from the former police chief that he instructed his officers to investigate any black youths riding through Eastpointe subdivisions. Through extensive searching of police logs, it was found that Eastpointe had over 100 incidents between 1995 and 1998 just like this one (ACLU, 2005). In New York City’s police department report in December 1999, the stop and frisk practices showed to be greatly based on race. In NYC, blacks make up 25.6% of the city’s population, Hispanics 23.7% and whites are 43.4% of NYC population. However, according to the report, 50.6% of all persons stopped were black, 33% were Hispanic, and only 12.9% were white. As you can see, more than half of the individuals who were stopped were black, 62.7% to be exact (ACLU, 2013). In Orange County, California Latinos, Asians and African Americans were more than 90% of the 20,221 men and women in the Gang Reporting Evaluation and Tracking System (ACLU, 2013). Clearly this database record shows racial profiling occurred when the total population in the database made up less than half of Orange County’s population. This is when the California Advisory Committee of the  U.S. Commission on Civil Rights and the ACLU stepped in. One other instance of racial profiling I’d like to discuss occurred in Maricopa County, Arizona. A court ruled in May 2013 that â€Å"sheriff Joe Arpaio’s routine handling of people of Latino descent amounted to racial and ethnic profiling†; according to CNN, the sheriff’s office had a history of targeting vehicles with those having darker skin, examining them more strictly and taking them into custody more often than others (CNN, 2014). Judge Murray Snow ordered a monitor to oversee retraining in this office and to create a community advisory board to prevent further racial profiling; retraining and monitoring the sheriff’s office will cost the county $21,943,107 over the next year and a half (CNN, 2014). As you can see from the information above, racial profiling is still an issue in present America. In today’s policing environment especially, race relations is one of the most important issues and challenges; to the point of state legislatures contemplating bans on racial profiling, mandate data collection, require police officer training, make funds available for video cameras in police cars and other measures to help put a stop to racial profiling (Portis, E., 2001). Issues/Problems a. Why racial profiling is an issue b. What problems have resulted from racial profiling i. Death c. What problems have occurred because of racial profiling II. Racial Profiling the Law a. Past/Present laws on racial profiling in Michigan i. House Bill 4927- Racial sensitivity training retrain officers guilty of racial profiling, along with instructing Michigan’s attorney general’s office to investigate stop search patterns (Police Foundation, 2005). b. Past/Present court cases in Michigan c. Public attention i. Racial profiling costing Arizona $22 million – to retrain officers and monitor the retraining (CNN, 2014). III. Conclusion a. Solutions to racial profiling i. Retraining police departments Sources: American Civil Liberties Union [ACLU]. (2014). Racial Profiling: Definition. Retrieved February 21, 2014 from: https://www.aclu.org/racial-justice/racial-profiling-definition CNN US. (2014). Racial profiling costs Arizona county $22 million. Retrieved February 21, 2014 from: http://www.cnn.com/2014/01/03/us/racial-profiling-payments/ Portis, Ervin. (2005). Racial Profiling: The State of the Law. Retrieved February 20, 2014 from: http://www.ethicsinstitute.com/pdf/Racial%20Profiling%20State%20Laws.pdf Rushing, Keith. (2013). Dissecting the Long, Deep, Roots of Racial Profiling in America. Retrieved February 20, 2014 from: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/keith- rushing/dissecting-racial-profiling_b_2740246.html

Pushed, Chosen, And Choosing :: essays research papers

Their Eyes Were Watching God, by Zora Neale Hurston, was a novel about one woman’s self-revelation. It began when she was a very young girl, first being pushed, then chosen, and finally choosing. Born a victim of circumstance, Janie was subject to her position in life. She was raised to uphold the standards of the early African American generation. From the beginning, she was taught to be passive and subject to whatever life gave her. As she grew older she began to realize she must give in to her desires and not suppress them. Janie, the main character of the story, was set up for her journey of self-discovery by her grandmother. Nanny set a goal for Janie’s life by saying, â€Å"Ah wanted you to look upon yo’ self. Ah don’t want yo’ feathers always crumpled by folks throwin’ up things in yo’ face.† Janie’s grandmother pushed Janie into a marriage, which she considered a ‘safe’ place for Janie. Though hesitant, Janie agreed to marry Logan Killicks. He was a farmer who married Janie shortly after she completed school. Killicks was the first antagonist that Janie encountered in the story. He was there for one purpose, to destroy Janie’s new sense of self-awarenes. Logan demanded things of Janie that she did not wish to do and tried to push her into his mold of a perfect wife. Janie did not love Logan nor did he love her. She didn’t know what she wanted, but she knew that she didn’t want Logan Killicks. Joe Starks appeared in Janie’s yard one afternoon. He said the sweet things that Janie wanted to hear. Though Janie hardly knew the man, she was chosen by his words—being young and gullible. She took another step in her journey, leaving Logan the next day and traveling to Eatonville with Joe Starks. Aspiring to be the mayor of Eatonville, Joe Starks was a man concerned with little except power. He wanted it, and he was going to use Janie to get it. She wore nice dresses during this marriage because Joe wanted her to stand out from the rest of the town; he used her as an icon of his prosperity and power. He was cruel to Janie and stomped out all of her free will. He built his town of Eatonville, became the mayor crushing all in his path, and made many enemies along the way, including Janie. During the period that she was married to Joe Starks, Janie was not allowed to talk and act as herself, but she began to think for herself—never revealing to Joe how she felt until just before he died. Pushed, Chosen, And Choosing :: essays research papers Their Eyes Were Watching God, by Zora Neale Hurston, was a novel about one woman’s self-revelation. It began when she was a very young girl, first being pushed, then chosen, and finally choosing. Born a victim of circumstance, Janie was subject to her position in life. She was raised to uphold the standards of the early African American generation. From the beginning, she was taught to be passive and subject to whatever life gave her. As she grew older she began to realize she must give in to her desires and not suppress them. Janie, the main character of the story, was set up for her journey of self-discovery by her grandmother. Nanny set a goal for Janie’s life by saying, â€Å"Ah wanted you to look upon yo’ self. Ah don’t want yo’ feathers always crumpled by folks throwin’ up things in yo’ face.† Janie’s grandmother pushed Janie into a marriage, which she considered a ‘safe’ place for Janie. Though hesitant, Janie agreed to marry Logan Killicks. He was a farmer who married Janie shortly after she completed school. Killicks was the first antagonist that Janie encountered in the story. He was there for one purpose, to destroy Janie’s new sense of self-awarenes. Logan demanded things of Janie that she did not wish to do and tried to push her into his mold of a perfect wife. Janie did not love Logan nor did he love her. She didn’t know what she wanted, but she knew that she didn’t want Logan Killicks. Joe Starks appeared in Janie’s yard one afternoon. He said the sweet things that Janie wanted to hear. Though Janie hardly knew the man, she was chosen by his words—being young and gullible. She took another step in her journey, leaving Logan the next day and traveling to Eatonville with Joe Starks. Aspiring to be the mayor of Eatonville, Joe Starks was a man concerned with little except power. He wanted it, and he was going to use Janie to get it. She wore nice dresses during this marriage because Joe wanted her to stand out from the rest of the town; he used her as an icon of his prosperity and power. He was cruel to Janie and stomped out all of her free will. He built his town of Eatonville, became the mayor crushing all in his path, and made many enemies along the way, including Janie. During the period that she was married to Joe Starks, Janie was not allowed to talk and act as herself, but she began to think for herself—never revealing to Joe how she felt until just before he died.

Beowulf/Grendel Trial or Debate Activity Essay

Two teams will debate the merits of Grendel’s viewpoint. The rest of the class will act as judges and rate the winning team. (ALL students will contribute to the debate by helping to suggest/refine talking points – each group will vote for members to participate in debate). Resolved: Since the world and everything in it is an unplanned accident, existence is meaningless ;the past is irrelevant; nothing matters. For: This team will take the attitude that the proposition is true. They will try to prove it by using the arguments and experiences of Grendel and the dragon. Against: This team will take the attitude that the proposition is false. They will try to prove it by using the arguments of Unferth, Beowulf, the Shaper, Ork, and any other evidence in the story. Rules: 1. No evidence is admissible unless it can be supported by the novel. 2. Each team will have three, two-minute chances to speak. In the first two-minute period they will present their argument. The second two-minute period will be used for rebuttal. In the rebuttal period, a team may argue only points which the other side has presented. The third two-minute period will be a summation (summarize main talking points/close argument). 3. At the close of the debate, the rating will be collected, added, and the results announced. (from The Center for Learning) Trial: Participate in a trial of Grendel, either as judge, member of jury, court officer, court reporter, prosecutor, defense lawyer, the defendant, or a witness. (from The Center for Learning) Standards for either Debate of Trial: 11-12.RL.1, 11-12.RL.3, 11-12.RL.7, 11-12.W.1, 11-12.W.9, 11-12.SL.1, 11-12.SL.3, 11-12.SL.4

Organic Food Market in Hong Kong †Environmental Scan Essay

?Global trend of organic food In 1950s, consumers are starting to aware of organic product and in 1970s to 1980s, organic sector start to develop, e. g. set up regulation and certification around the world. In 1990s, the organic food market has a sharp growing, expanding at 20% a year. In 2006, the sales of organic baby food were increased 21. 6%. There are also has dramatically increase in variety, availability and decreasing the cost of organic food. ?Local trend of organic food. At the end of 1980s, there were many cases happened in Hong Kong that poisonous crops which are contaminated with pesticide, people in Hong Kong raise their awareness of health. Until 1990s, Organic foods have been selling in Hong Kong, most of them are imported from North America, Australia, New Zealand, Europe and Japan. In the few years ahead, consumption of organic food is increasing. In 2000s, the local market has a strong demand on fresh organic foods. International Trade Centre (ITC ) done a set of survey and observed some trends of Hong Kong. For example, there are more convenience organic food such as pre-packed organic salads; some public canteens and catering buy more organic food; provision of organic products with biodegradable packaging. Major competitor In Hong Kong, there are three major type of retail shops is selling organic food. First type is supermarket, e. g. Park n’ shop and Welcome are two major chains. Second type is department stores, e. g. Citysuper, Seibu, Jusco, Sogo. Third type is specialty healthy food shops, around 50 to health food shops selling organic, health and diet-supplement foods. Consumer ?General type of consumer Hong Kong Organic Resource Centre (HKORC) release the result of a survey on 7 Jan 2005, it shows that 30% of the respondents had purchased organic foods. It also shows us the people who are interested in buying organic food are high education qualification, executives, managers or professionals, and they are usually with a higher total household income, married and/or with children. The meaning of organic food in consumer view In Hong Kong people’s mind, â€Å"organic food† has the similar meaning as â€Å"healthy food†, they also care about the nutritional value and image of the product. The best selling of organic foods in Hong Kong are baby food, rice cake, grains, fruit juice and breakfast cereals, so we can see Hong Kong people are more health-conscious now.

Periodic Table Study Guide - Introduction History

Periodic Table Study Guide - Introduction History Introduction to the Periodic Table People have known about elements like carbon and gold since ancient time. The elements couldnt be changed using any chemical method. Each element has a unique number of protons. If you examine samples of iron and silver, you cant tell how many protons the atoms have. However, you can tell the elements apart because they have different properties. You might notice there are more similarities between iron and silver than between iron and oxygen. Could there be a way to organize the elements so you could tell at a glance which ones had similar properties? What Is the Periodic Table? Dmitri Mendeleev was the first scientist to create a periodic table of the elements similar to the one we use today. You can see Mendeleevs original table (1869). This table showed that when the elements were ordered by increasing atomic weight, a pattern appeared where properties of the elements repeated periodically. This periodic table is a chart that groups the elements according to their similar properties. Why was the Periodic Table Created? Why do you think Mendeleev made a periodic table? Many elements remained to be discovered in Mendeleevs time. The periodic table helped predict the properties of new elements. Mendeleevs Table Compare the modern periodic table with Mendeleevs table. What do you notice? Mendeleevs table didnt have very many elements, did it? He had question marks and spaces between elements, where he predicted undiscovered elements would fit. Discovering Elements Remember changing the number of protons changes the atomic number, which is the number of the element. When you look at the modern periodic table, do you see any skipped atomic numbers that would be undiscovered elements? New elements today arent discovered. They are made. You can still use the periodic table to predict the properties of these new elements. Periodic Properties and Trends The periodic table helps predict some properties of the elements compared to each other. Atom size decreases as you move from left to right across the table and increases as you move down a column. The energy required to remove an electron from an atom increases as you move from left to right and decreases as you move down a column. The ability to form a chemical bond increases as you move from left to right and decreases as you move down a column. Todays Table The most important difference between Mendeleevs table and todays table is the modern table is organized by increasing atomic number, not increasing atomic weight. Why was the table changed? In 1914, Henry Moseley learned you could experimentally determine the atomic numbers of elements. Before that, atomic numbers were just the order of elements based on increasing atomic weight. Once atomic numbers had significance, the periodic table was reorganized. Introduction | Periods Groups | More about Groups | Review Questions | Quiz Periods and Groups Elements in the periodic table are arranged in periods (rows) and groups (columns). Atomic number increases as you move across a row or period. Periods Rows of elements are called periods. The period number of an element signifies the highest unexcited energy level for an electron in that element. The number of elements in a period increases as you move down the periodic table because there are more sublevels per level as the energy level of the atom increases. Groups Columns of elements help define element groups. Elements within a group share several common properties. Groups are elements have the same outer electron arrangement. The outer electrons are called valence electrons. Because they have the same number of valence electrons, elements in a group share similar chemical properties. The Roman numerals listed above each group are the usual number of valence electrons. For example, a group VA element will have 5 valence electrons. Representative vs. Transition Elements There are two sets of groups. The group A elements are called the representative elements. The group B elements are the nonrepresentative elements. What Is on the Element Key? Each square on the periodic table gives information about an element. On many printed periodic tables you can find an elements symbol, atomic number, and atomic weight. Introduction | Periods Groups | More about Groups | Review Questions | Quiz Classifying Elements Elements are classified according to their properties. The major categories of elements are the metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Metals You see metals every day. Aluminum foil is a metal. Gold and silver are metals. If someone asks you whether an element is a metal, metalloid, or non-metal and you dont know the answer, guess that its a metal. What are Properties of Metals? Metals share some common properties. They are lustrous (shiny), malleable (can be hammered), and are good conductors of heat and electricity. These properties result from the ability to easily move the electrons in the outer shells of metal atoms. What are the Metals? Most elements are metals. There are so many metals, they are divided into groups: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and transition metals. The transition metals can be divided into smaller groups, such as the lanthanides and actinides. Group 1: Alkali Metals The alkali metals are located in Group IA (first column) of the periodic table. Sodium and potassium are examples of these elements. Alkali metals form salts and many other compounds. These elements are less dense than other metals, form ions with a 1 charge, and have the largest atom sizes of elements in their periods. The alkali metals are highly reactive. Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals The alkaline earths are located in Group IIA (second column) of the periodic table. Calcium and magnesium are examples of alkaline earths. These metals form many compounds. They have ions with a 2 charge. Their atoms are smaller than those of the alkali metals. Groups 3-12: Transition Metals The transition elements are located in groups IB to VIIIB. Iron and gold are examples of transition metals. These elements are very hard, with high melting points and boiling points. The transition metals are good electrical conductors and are very malleable. They form positively charged ions. The transition metals include most of the elements, so they can be categorized into smaller groups. The lanthanides and actinides are classes of transition elements. Another way to group transition metals is into triads, which are metals with very similar properties, usually found together. Metal Triads The iron triad consists of iron, cobalt, and nickel. Just under iron, cobalt, and nickel is the palladium triad of ruthenium, rhodium, and palladium, while under them is the platinum triad of osmium, iridium, and platinum. Lanthanides When you look at the periodic table, youll see there is a block of two rows of elements below the main body of the chart. The top row has atomic numbers following lanthanum. These elements are called the lanthanides. The lanthanides are silvery metals that tarnish easily. They are relatively soft metals, with high melting and boiling points. The lanthanides react to form many different compounds. These elements are used in lamps, magnets, lasers, and to improve the properties of other metals. Actinides The actinides are in the row below the lanthanides. Their atomic numbers follow actinium. All of the actinides are radioactive, with positively charged ions. They are reactive metals that form compounds with most nonmetals. The actinides are used in medicines and nuclear devices. Groups 13-15: Not all Metals Groups 13-15 include some metals, some metalloids, and some nonmetals. Why are these groups mixed? The transition from metal to nonmetal is gradual. Even though these elements arent similar enough to have groups contained within single columns, they share some common properties. You can predict how many electrons are needed to complete an electron shell. The metals in these groups are called basic metals. Nonmetals Metalloids Elements that dont have the properties of metals are called nonmetals. Some elements have some, but not all of the properties of the metals. These elements are called metalloids. What are Properties of Nonmetals? The nonmetals are poor conductors of heat and electricity. Solid nonmetals are brittle and lack metallic luster. Most nonmetals gain electrons easily. The nonmetals are located on the upper right side of the periodic table, separated from metals by a line that cuts diagonally through the periodic table. The nonmetals can be divided into classes of elements that have similar properties. The halogens and the noble gases are two groups of nonmetals. Group 17: Halogens The halogens are located in Group VIIA of the periodic table. Examples of halogens are chlorine and iodine. You find these elements in bleaches, disinfectants, and salts. These nonmetals form ions with a -1 charge. The physical properties of the halogens vary. The halogens are highly reactive. Group 18: Noble Gases The noble gases are located in Group VIII of the periodic table. Helium and neon are examples of noble gases. These elements are used to make lighted signs, refrigerants, and lasers. The noble gases are not reactive. This is because they have little tendency to gain or lose electrons. Hydrogen Hydrogen has a single positive charge, like the alkali metals, but at room temperature, it is a gas that doesnt act like a metal. Therefore, hydrogen usually is labeled as a nonmetal. What are the Properties of the Metalloids? Elements that have some properties of metals and some properties of nonmetals are called metalloids. Silicon and germanium are examples of metalloids. The boiling points, melting points, and densities of the metalloids vary. The metalloids make good semiconductors. The metalloids are located along the diagonal line between the metals and nonmetals in the periodic table. Common Trends in Mixed Groups Remember that even in mixed groups of elements, the trends in the periodic table still hold true. Atom size, ease of removing electrons, and ability to form bonds can be predicted as you move across and down the table. Introduction | Periods Groups | More about Groups | Review Questions | Quiz Test your comprehension of this periodic table lesson by seeing if you can answer the following questions: Review Questions The modern periodic table isnt the only way to categorize the elements. What are some other ways you could list and organize the elements?List the properties of the metals, metalloids, and nonmetals. Name an example of each type of element.Where in their group would you expect to find elements with the largest atoms? (top, center, bottom)Compare and contrast the halogens and noble gases.What properties can you use to tell the alkali, alkaline earth, and transition metals apart?

Approaches to Correction of Class III Skeletal Malocclusion

Approaches to Correction of Class III Skeletal Malocclusion Combined Orthodontic and Surgical Approach in the Correction of Class III Skeletal Malocclusion Dr. Abdulaziz AlShahrani Astrac While growth modification and camouflage orthodontic treatment offers a limited solution in treating some skeletal Class III malocclusion depending on the age of the patient , Underlying skeletal severity, alignment of the teeth and the vertical facial proportions, a combination of surgical and Orthodontic therapy is the treatment of choice in all severe skeletal Class III malocclusion. In this case report I present a combination of surgical-orthodontic therapy for an adult female patient with skeletal class III malocclusion which resulted in good skeletal, dental and soft tissue relationship, with marked improvement in function and facial esthetics. Keywords: Class III malocclusion, Orthognathic Surgery, surgical orthodontics Introduction Class III malocclusion is considered to be one of the most difficult and complex orthodontic problems to treat. The prevalence of class III malocclusion has been reported to be as low as 3-5% in the Caucasian population, but is higher in the Chinese and Japanese population (4-13%) (Often associated with maxillary retrusion) [i] , [ii] , [iii] . The etiology of class III is complex and multifactorial. However, there is usually a strong genetic contribution. Genetic factor is one of the etiological factors where one third of children with severe Class III had a parent with the same problem and one-sixth had an affected sibling [iv] . Racial tendency may play a role as the blacks have shown higher incidence than white’s [v] .Environmental factors appear to play an adaptiverole in the etiology of Class III malocclusion [vi] .Class III malocclusion can be associated with other factors such as cleft palate [vii] . Individuals with class III malocclusion show combinations of skeletal and dentoalveolar components. Class III malocclusion may occur as a result of protrusive mandible, retrusive maxi lla, combination of both [viii] . While the most commonly found Class III malocclusion (30%) showed a combination of mandibular protrusion and maxillary retrusion, Maxillary retrusion alone was found in 19.5% of the sample and Mandibular protrusion alone was found in 19.1% of the sample [ix] .These complex nature of class III requirea careful planning, amultidisciplinary approach and patient cooperation [x] . Case Report A 17-year-old caucasian girl presented for orthodontic treatment because of referral from her dentist with primary complaint of un-esthetic facial and dental appearance. She has a hyper-divergent Class III skeletal and dental relationship. This is characterized by retrognathic maxilla, retroclined lower anterior teeth, with maximum active opening of 47mm with 5mm negative overjet and lateral excursions of 7 mm to both right and left sides. The patient has an ovoid, relatively asymmetrical face with chin slightly deviated to the left. The lip line at rest displayed a pproximately 2 mm of upper incisor. At full animation there was 7mm of upper incisal display and 2 mm of lower incisal edge. She has a slightly concave profile, and competent lips[Figure1]. Pretreatment extra oral photos Intraorally, the oral mucosa was healthy. There were no periodontal pockets present. The gingival tissues were inflamed especially around the prosthetic crowns. There was no bleeding tendency except sometimes with brushing. Free gingival margins were near to the CEJ and attached gingiva was of normal width throughout the mouth. The frenal attachments in both arches were normal. The tongue was normal in size, function and appearance. Teeth # 26, 36 and 46 have been crowned. There was a lingual arch placed one year ago to maintain lower incisors position.

REFLECTIVE PROFESSIONAL ENQUIRY 1 PROJECT Essay - 1

REFLECTIVE PROFESSIONAL ENQUIRY 1 PROJECT - Essay Example Thus they are faced with a responsibility of challenging the disadvantage and the inequality. The oppressive and discriminatory practices faced by the guidance practitioners are in the main social divisions of the race, class, gender, age and also sexual discrimination. (Ali and Graham 1996) In the guidance and counselling practice the practitioners face some barriers and challenges because of an individual’s mental or physical ability. People with various disabilities need some special care and also facilities so that they can be able to work effectively and produce the needed results. In the anti oppressive approach the special provisions for the people with disabilities are put into consideration. This would allow these people to work side by side with the other people who do not have any form of disabilities. (The Disability Rights Commission) The guidance and counselling practitioners discriminate their service receivers on the basis of their physical or even mental disabilities. In the organizations there should be more diverse avenues which should be encouraged so that to encompass all the people including those who have any form of disabilities. On the other hand the society and the practitioners in the guidance and counselling practice are supposed to challenge the way the wants of those who are dominant in the society influence the chances of those with different abilities. (Argyle 1983) In the field of guidance and counselling people who posses various forms of abilities or those with disabilities suffer multiple challenges to the achievement of their human rights. Disability makes it even less likely that the practitioners treat their clients fairly especially those who are not economically independent. The disabled individuals in both the practicing organizations and the society at large are more at risk from abuse and exploitation. For instance in many parts of the world the

Capitalism and Socialism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Capitalism and Socialism - Essay Example The table below pinpoints the differences between the forms of capitalism based on the institutional characteristics; An example of a ‘humane’ capitalist country is Germany. Such capitalist countries get referred to as ‘humane’ due to the characteristic of their institutional set up. As much as their capitalist economies get based on profit making, accumulation, and direct competition; these economies value their human population through their institutional set up (Soskice & Hall 65). ‘Humane’ capitalist economy setup aims at attaining equitable income distribution for each individual in the economy. They try to create a sustainable and equitable economic environment for every player to make their contributions through their policies. ‘Humane’ capitalist economies gear their policies towards efficient service delivery for the people. An example of a ‘brutal’ capitalist economy is the United States. Such countries get considered as ‘brutal’ as they advocate for direct competition among its economy players. This competition leaves a percentage of the population vulnerable to poverty (Soskice & Hall 123). ‘Brutal’ capitalism represents a man eat man society where the more an individual has, the more the individual is likely to accumulate more and take part in the economy. ‘Brutal’ capitalist countries are more likely to place profits over the people. A ‘humane’ and ‘brutal’ capitalism cannot exist together. This is so because if they do, then it would revert to the general capitalist economy which contains strains of both forms of capitalism (Soskice & Hall 133). These forms of capitalism cannot compete directly but rather, indirectly. Einstein argues for a socialist future over capitalism. This is so as Einstein believed that a socialist future would help cure the evils of capitalism. He suggests that there be a socialist economy

Reflective Account and SMART Action Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reflective Account and SMART Action Plan - Essay Example Employability will be essential in building skills that involve personal knowledge hence make me be in a better position to secure an occupation that is secure and satisfying. Dynamic indicator types is a type of report that will help me understand myself and help me know the factors that make me different from other people. I learnt a lesson regarding graduate labour markets, and from my perspective, students who study courses that are less practical have high possibilities of going back to school to further their education based on the narrowness of the job opportunities for them. Decision making is also a proactive activity that will help in selecting options that are essential in career development. When choosing the career I want, I will employ both sociological theory and matching theory because with the help of these choices, I will attain self-esteem and be able to explore available potentials. I underwent an overview of job searching and networking skills and learnt that there are different types of work experience. Job shadowing being a type of job experience is an interesting form of work in the way it gives an insight on how professionalism goes on in the day-to-day life. With job shadowing, I will be able to gain knowledge on roles of a certain job difference in various organizations. Work experience, on the other hand will help in increasing the awareness of my personality because having a good work experience will enable me have a clear goal of my career. With fierce job completion that is experienced these days, I have learnt that having a good CV gives me competitive. For the CV to be good, it has to contain all the basic details, give general ideas about experiences gained while at work and even in school not forgetting achievements made. There is a great difference in the way CVs are written in China and UK. For instance, most employers in China, a passport phot o is necessary in a CV including ethnicity and political

Ethical Analysis Of Investment Into The Alcohol Industry Commerce Essay

Ethical Analysis Of Investment Into The Alcohol Industry Commerce Essay Virginia Tech invests in multiple initiatives each year, being ethical in doing so is a job of its own. Analyzing all aspects of the investment and how it will impact financially, socially, environmentally, and ethically are extremely pertinent. Virginia Tech receives donations of every size, daily. Virginia Techs total endowment value as of September 30, 2012 was $610,035,977.00, most options are limitless for Tech. The mission of the Virginia Tech foundation ultimately states that the foundation takes the funding and manages the assets to help supplement funds. The foundation also offers funding for standing initiatives as well as new initiatives requested by the university. They state that this is all while being a corporate citizen, so for interests that not only affect the university (Virginia Tech Foundation, 2011). Virginia Tech seeing themselves as a corporate citizen, is an important note to stop on. Being ethically and socially responsible for all their actions, Virginia Tech must determine how each investment will affect their reputation and profits. These two characteristics, being ethical and socially responsible can affect Virginia Tech for years to come with potential students and the impact they have on the environment. Researching the current investments Virginia Tech conducts as well as the potential for Virginia Tech to invest in the alcohol industry themselves has brought up many ethical issues and pressures. Virginia Techs current policies on alcohol stands, that students and guests over the age of 21 may possess alcohol on campus and within their dorms. Students under the age caught with possession of alcohol are subject to a Conduct Review and strikes against their record. If further action is needed a formal charge from the Virginia Tech police can be issued. Virginia Tech does although permit ABC Approved parking lots for the Virginia Tech Football games, which are monitored by Virginia Tech and Town of Blacksburg Police. Here, many students and guests can be ticketed for breaching the open container or public intoxication laws. Investment in the Alcohol Industry could cause most students and guests to consider a double standard between them and Virginia Tech. Ethical standards and social responsibility must work together in the decision factor. Ethical Issues Due to the nature of the alcohol industry there are several ethical issues involving both the products and the marketing practices implemented by companies within the industry. Two main ethical issues concern marketing to those who are underage and health related issues. Many argue that marketing practices of alcohol companies target those who are underage and encourage them to participate in illegally consuming alcohol. Others argue that even if marketing efforts arent directly targeting those who are underage they are still exposed to alcohol related advertisements which could influence to them to consume alcohol while underage. It has been reported that 45% of commercials teens see are somehow related to alcohol, which is a tremendous amount of exposure to products which they are not yet allowed to consume. One last argument for this issue is that there is no way to differentiate marketing efforts attempting to target those who are 21-30 from also appealing to those who are under 21. There are many similarities of what appeals to those who are any of these ages. Many liquor companies have developed brightly colored labels, creative names, and a vast number of flavors; all argued to appeal to a younger crowd. In many forms of advertising drinking alcohol is made to look fun, exciting, and creates an atmosphere that viewers wouldnt want to be left out of. Many advertisements create a sense of unity and fitting in and that participating in drinking alcohol can accomplish that. Many companies attempt to counteract these claims by adhering to marketing regulations and running responsible drinking campaigns that advocate sensible drinking for recreational purposes only. These campaigns aim to help prevent alcoholism, drunk driving, and underage consumption. Marketing efforts implemented by companies within the alcohol industry are heavily regulated; at least 70% of the target audience must be over the legal drinking, the ad cannot be designed to appeal to those who are underage, and no part of the advertising can encourage irresponsible drinking. The second ethical issue surrounding the alcohol industry concerns with public health. Alcohol provides no health related benefit but can instead harm the body and empower people to harm others. Not everyone is capable of self-control and consuming alcohol in moderation. In the United States there are approximately 17.6 million adults who live with alcoholism, which not only affects them, but their families and anyone close to them as well. Consuming enough alcohol can cause judgment to be impaired and might cause a person to make a decision that they would not regularly make. Decisions can include, but are certainly not limited to, drunk driving. Three out of ten people will be involved in an alcohol related car crash at some point in their lives. Also, in 2009 a person died every 48 minutes due to an alcohol impaired driver. Many ask the question if the number of fatalities is really worth the ability to consume alcohol, at any age. An important element to take into consideration is that ethical issues regarding the alcohol industry can and will vary from country to country depending upon how alcohol consumption is viewed. For example, there is quite a difference in opinion and normality between drinking behavior in Ireland versus the attitude of drinking in the United States. Certain events in particular countries are not allowed to have alcohol companies be sponsors, and even in some countries all forms of advertising are banned. Pressures Facing the Alcohol Industry When it comes to the alcohol industry there are many barriers and pressures that limit the industrys success. The majority of problems come from activist organizations that negatively portray alcohol and bring to light the harmful effects alcohol can cause. There are organizations such as the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, that attempt to stigmatize alcohol, de-legitimize drinking, marginalize drinkers, and create a de facto quasi-prohibition of the legal product.(Hanson). This organization has dedicated itself to limiting the alcohol industry in America. The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation spent over a quarter of a billion dollars ($265,000,000.00) in just four years alone further developing and funding a nation-wide network of anti-alcohol organizations, centers, activist leaders, and opinion writers to promote its long-term goal (Hanson). Although the Robert Wood Foundation may not be well know by the public, nearly every study disparaging adult beverages in the mass media, every legislative push to limit alcohol marketing or increase taxes, and every supposedly grassroots anti-alcohol organization is funded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF). One of the well-known organizations supported by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation is the Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD). Mothers Against Drunk Driving points out the most severe effect that is related to alcohol, death. Founded by a mother whose daughter was killed by a drunk driver, Mothers Against Drunk Driving is the nations largest nonprofit organization that works towards stopping alcohol related harms (MADD). Through testimonies and videos Mothers Against Drunk Driving attempts to educate teens about the dangers of driving under the influence as well as underage drinking. MADD publicly exposes the alcohol industry in a way that persuades individuals to think negatively about it. This creates a pressure on the alcohol industry, as they must fight to direct the publics eye away from the negativity and more towards the positive and profitable side of the industry. Although the pressures facing the alcohol industry seem severe, we believe the profitability and shareholder value will not be affected. The alcohol industry is a vital element in the American economy and no matter how negatively activist organizations portray it, the alcohol industry will remain profitable. Pressures from these organizations may slow the alcohol industry slightly, but with the superior influence alcohol has on the American people the alcohol industry will always persevere. Corporate Social Responsibility To address the pressures that are facing the alcohol industry, companies have come up with several initiatives to promote responsible drinking, address sustainability issues, and other charitable programs important to each specific company. The International Center for Alcohol Policies, ICAP, is an organization that promotes understanding of responsible drinking and helps reduce the abusive behaviors associated to drinking. Their policy approach is based on drinking patterns, targeted interventions, and partnerships. The organization provides the current alcohol policies countries, worldwide. ICAP has partnered up with thirteen companies and other organizations working towards the same cause. Bacardi, a sponsor of ICAP, is also a founding member of The Century Council which promotes responsible drinking, fighting against college binge drinking, and drinking and driving. They also have an campaign called Champions Drink Responsibly which educates drinkers on the importance of taking your time while drinking, staying in control of the amount of drinks you consume, planning your night out, and making sure you have a ride home or back to a safe place at the end of the night and also throughout the night. Bacardi uses a professional athlete as the face of the campaign. During 2011, Bacardi measured a 4 percent reduction in total water usage, a 7 percent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, over 37 million people engaged with their Champions Drink Responsibly campaign, and having 3,750 employees from numerous countries participate in 128 various activities. Smirnoff briefly describes their corporate social responsibility on their website. Their campaign, Drink Responsibly focuses on three main objectives, effects of alcohol, tips for drinking responsibly, and tips on how to get home safely and the importance in doing so. It was disappointing to see their lack of interest in taking on more responsibility to give back to the community and world around us. There is definitely much room for improvement to make the company more well-rounded. We also found it important to touch on a couple beer companies, as well, when looking into whether Virginia Tech should invest in the industry because beer and liquor are the main drinking preferences for college-aged students. We took a look at MillerCoors, which is also a sponsor of ICAP, breaks their corporate responsibility into several areas. Their slogan, Great Beer, Great Responsibility shows their dedication and stand on their responsibility to various areas of public concern and not just responsible drinking. Most recently, MillerCoors came up with a competition amongst eligible colleges to win $10,000 grants by supporting responsible consumption efforts for legal-age students. This program is called Great Play Grant Program and the grants were issued for the first time in 2012 with a totle of $230,000 in grants. MillerCoors also addresses the issue of drinking and driving by providing free rides in certain cities on holidays, specifically, as well as sponsoring 1-800-TAXICA B service, which is a toll-free phone number that passengers can call and connect to taxicab companies in their local area. MillerCoors also worked to install a new cooling system that saves 100 million gallons of water each year. They also reduced energy consumption in their major breweries by 4.3 percent for that last 4 years. Along with these two sustainability efforts, MillerCoors also worked with their supply chain to make sure they are working to find ways to decrease energy and water usage and grow to use sustainable practices throughout each step in the supply chain. Anheuser Busch uses a similar slogan as MillerCoors, Our World. Our Responsibility They do not even address their product in this slogan, but instead focus the attention on their belief in being responsible for the world around us. 2012 marks the 30th year since their first responsible drinking campaign. They launched many initiatives since the first campaign to prevent drinking behaviors and most recently started a campaign, Nation of Responsible Drinkers, which asks adults nationwide to take the pledge which is promise to respect the legal drinking age, enjoy responsibly and know when to say when, be the designated driver or use one. This is another company that knows their responsibility does not end with their responsible drinking efforts. They must also show the importance in other issues that this world is facing, such as environmental threats. Anheuser Busch has reduced water usage by 34 percent in the last three years. They have also gotten to the 99 percent marker of recycling the solid waste in their breweries. Both, Anheuser and Miller have reduced the materials in the packaging stages and coming up with ways to use renewable fuel in their factories. Both brewing companies we took further look into, Anheuser Busch and Miller Coors, have also participated in many charity and philanthropic events. MillerCoors employees spent more than 53,000 hours during 2011 in local community fundraisers. MillerCoors specifically participates in Great Water Month which aims to improve the watersheds around the breweries. Anheuser Busch has a foundation that has contributed $490 million to organizations that support education, environment, economic development, and preparation of disasters and relief. Social/Ethical Investment Policy Recommendations When making investment decisions, Virginia Tech absolutely should take into account Corporate Social Responsibility and ethical issues pertaining to the alcohol industry and its particular firms. Â  Especially when we are talking about this amount of money, you must think about the responsibility and possible outcomes of our decisions. In this case there are red flags surrounding the alcohol industry that must be studied. Â  By red flags we are talking about issues that could look bad for Virginia Tech. Â  For the alcohol industry in particular there are problem areas such as; misleading the public, along with the concerns for the health and safety of its users. Â  The way you understand and deal with these possible negative issues can have a major impact on your decisions and outcomes. Although we know that maximizing shareholder value is important, when making decision with investments we take into account not only the financial payoff but also what we believe is ethically correct. Â  Virginia Tech needs to be very careful when dealing with situations that would lead to benefited financial return while sacrificing ethical reasoning. Â  Overall, we believe there is no room to take ethical risks for financial returns because the possible negative outcomes. Â  A major negative outcome we consider comes in the form of being negatively publicized. Â  Having this negative publicity could have an even greater impact than the possible increased profit. Â  Even legal industries, such as the alcohol industry, are very baiting because of the possible financial rewards. Â  These are areas/scenarios that Virginia Tech should steer away from. Â  We believe it simply sends a wrong and conflicting message to our community and to an institution that prides themselves on the ir high moral ground. Â   After completing our research we do recommend that Virginia Tech NOT invest in the alcohol industry. Seeing much of this activity as inappropriate as an academic institution. A majority of the Virginia Tech student population is under the age of 21, making sponsorships and other endowments an inappropriate presentation of the Virginia Tech reputation and hypocrisy against the standing alcohol policies. Investing in this industry could also create bad publicity with the potential to destroy the Virginia Tech reputation and standards. Also, many could see this as Virginia Tech supporting underage drinking on their campus. Overall this investment could destroy the brand Virginia Tech has been building for so long. Financially, this investment would be profitable because the alcohol industry only seems to be growing, but ethically inappropriate to pursue. Many people see the alcohol industry as having impressive corporate social responsibility and not supporting underage drinking, while also leveraging the saying drink responsibly on every marketing campaign. So as an academic institution with a majority of the student population under the age of 21, Virginia Tech should NOT support it either.

Advanced Technology and the Society :: essays research papers

Advanced Technology and the Society Have advances in technology helped to create a lazy, detached society? The truth is it has. It becomes more and more advanced that the inventors do not even know what to do. They run out of ideas but they make a new one and then ten more come out of just that one idea. Advances in technology have helped to create a lazy, detached society because, people say: why do this if we have it all in our hands, everything is already there. People think it is cool to have all the gadgets that are new and advanced and easier to do things with, but it is actually making the society more lazy. For example, the society now has e-mail and instant messengers to commun- icate with, they do not want to write letters anymore, that shows that the society has become lazier. Since the society has this to help them communicate they send an e-card through e-mail rather than making a letter of their own. Also instead of driving down to a little family get together, the instant messenger gets in the way because it seems easier to communi- cate with. Another example, is that now a days the society has telephones, cellphones and even camera phones to help everyone communicate.When someone invites another person to a birthday party the person that gets invited makes up an excuse saying they can not go so they just call and say Happy Birthday. Also when someone wants to meet someone else they just text messages or call each other instead of going for a walk. These are some examples that really reveal how lazy and detached the society has became as technology advances.

6 Tips to Customize Your Hr Dashboard

6 Tips to Customize Your HR Dashboard by Jeremy Shapiro Six Tips to Customize Your HR Dashboard What should your recruiting dashboard look like? To begin, it must be able to suit your organization’ s many unique requirements and priorities. Creating the ideal dashboard is not easy, but it helps when designing it to visualize a car’s dashboard. A car’s dashboard tells you when there is danger, or when you should accelerate. In essence, great dashboards are visual representations of data used to make important decisions.Below are 6 tips to help your metrics team customize the best recruiting dashboard for your organization. 1 Set specific goals. Each metric in a dashboard should have a target or target range by which to measure it. Creating a clear visual of where the organization is versus where the management’s target is will make evaluating progress much easier. You may want to set these targets by compiling management interviews and human resources prior ities.This information can then be used to set the measurement goal against the organization’ s desired performance. Ideally, the measurement goal will help you determine a hard dollar amount of savings or revenue increase (for example, decreasing turnover by 10 percent results in a 5 million dollar annual savings). It can also aid in tying back a stated executive priority (for example, we promote a culture of promoting from within). 2 Model your measures. Say you have already determined your executive’s priorities.You now need to model what the metric will look like. How do you identify the data you will need or the best practices appropriate for this measure? Model your metric using dummy data in a spreadsheet first. Then validate your decisions by shopping the metric around for feedback. 3 Build your metrics. This is the actual work of creating the metric using real data. If you have an ad hoc tool, this could be user-accessible; if not, you may need to enlist a tec hnical resource to build your reports.In the latter instance, modeling the metrics (see Tip 2) becomes critical to your success as your report developer will need to understand exactly what the report is supposed to do. 4 Build your dashboard. Think of your dashboard as a collection of well-focused reports on one page. After creating your reports, think about how to best represent them on a single page using graphs and other design techniques. 5 Care for your data. The information you need may be housed in several different places.Someone needs to care for this data; this includes ensuring users of the technology supporting you (HRIS, ATS, TMS, etc. ) complete the information you need. This also includes surveys. A little data maintenance now will save you hours of data repair later. 6 Validate your results. Without validation, your organization could easily misrepresent your data. Check your assumptions with peers, managers in different departments, and even with Finance. —à ¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Jeremy Shapiro is the Vice President of E-Recruiting Solutions at Bernard Hodes Group.Over the past 11 years, Jeremy has coached hundreds of companies through challenging recruiting technology implementations across industries and sizes. Jeremy is a frequent speaker and author on current/emerging recruiting technology topics, most recently contributing to the HR metrics book â€Å"Ultimate Performance† (Wiley, 2006). Jeremy holds an M. S. in Information Systems from NYU’s Stern School of Business and a B. A. in Economics from Rutgers University. He is an advisor to the industry metrics consortium HRMetrics. org.

Risk Management and Service User

Anita Byrne ACV5222 UNIT 504 DEVELOP HEALTH AND SAFETY AND RISK MANAGEMENT POLICIES, PROCEDURES AND PRACTICES IN HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE OR CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE SETTINGS (M1) 1,1 understand the current legislative frame and organisational health, safety and risk management policies, procedures and practices that are relevant to health and social care or children and young peoples setting. As an organisation that manages health and safety we recognise that the relationship between controlling risks and general health is at the very centre of the business itself.The starting point for managing health and safety in the workplace which: †¢ demonstrates the practices commitment to health and safety and sets out aims and objectives in relation to this †¢ identifies the individual health and safety roles and responsibilities and the communication channels with-in the practice †¢ Summarises the practical way in which health and safety is managed and objectives met. The org anisation is required to have a health and safety policy in place in order to comply with the health and safety at work act 1974.The act is the primary piece of health and safety legislation within the UK. It is an enabling act often referred to as the umbrella act, which means that regulations can be introduced with-out eh need for additional primary legislation. The Health and Safety at Work Act also says that employers must, so far as is reasonably practicable provide †¢ a safe place to work †¢ a safe environment and adequate welfare facilities †¢ safe equipment and systems of work safe arrangements for using, handling, storing and transporting articles and substances associated with work †¢ sufficient information, instruction, training and supervision for employee The act is supported by many other regulations and pieces of legislation, one of the most significant being the Management of Health and Safety at Work regulations (MHSWR) 1999. A crucial element of these regulations is the requirement for employers to have in place systems to manage health and safety.The technique of risk assessment – used to identify hazards, evaluate risks, support planning and put effective control measures in place – underpins such systems. In recent years, the risk management has been influence by the growing awareness of the number of errors, incidents and near misses that happen in social care practice and the effect of the safety of service user’s and the consequence has been the development of service user safety initiatives which have given a ‘service user focus’ to the management of risk within the social care setting.The health and safety at work act underpins this aim and clearly describes the employer’s duty of care not only for staff but towards the persons other than employees such as service user’s, attached staff visitors, and member of the public, contractors and delivery personnel. The princi pals and duties outlined in this policy apply, therefore, to anyone affected by the practices activities. 1. 2 nalyse how policies, procedures and practices in own setting meet health, safety and risk management requirements. The main piece of legislation affecting the management of health & safety is the Health & safety act at work 1974. This act provides a framework for ensuring the Health & safety of all employees in any work activity. It also provides for the Health & safety of anyone: †¢ Risk assessments with the working environment †¢ Adult protection & safe guarding †¢ Person centre planning & risk managementWhen working in line with the organisations policies and procedures to ensure that the staff team create a safe working environment and service user care plans and risk management plans don’t impact on their freedom of choice but they ensure that they are safe with the life style they choose to live, I need to balance those choices against our risk m anagement plans for example we have a service user who lives in her own flat within the complex of the home and feels that her bed is to high and asked her family to put the mattress on a pile of bricks rather than have the bed frame lowered.When staff discovered this, they informed senior staff who tried to explain why their actions could not be allowed to carry on as staff who helps the service user make her bed may sustain an injury. The family could not see that we have a legal requirement to work within the safety of the health and safety legislation. I did suggest that we highlight a repair/maintenance job for the bed to be lowered that is safe to use for both the service user and staff.Also within the workplace before an activity can be undertaken we are required to complete a risk assessment and any areas where we need to put safety measures in to limit the potential risks then this must be done before the activity can take place as well as demonstrating that we need to moni tor staff’s working practices and review and update the risk assessment at the appropriate times. In delivering a registered care service all staff must have mandatory health and safety training before completing any given task whether this be fire safety, food hygiene, manual handling, infection control, first aid etc. f staff have not received this training then they cannot complete the task, thus ensuring that all service user’s welfare are giving top priority in line with quality and safety outcomes. As the acting registered care manager I need to complete regular health and safety audits and maintain clear records to demonstrate competence and that we are meeting the requirements of the law. At times when carrying out an audit I have noticed that a food safety check as not been completed or a fire test got missed and in line with my roles and responsibilities I must address my findings with the senior team, the kitchen staff etc.This will be done in our staff and team meetings. Minutes of these meetings will be taken and stored in the named files so that they can be used for further audits and inspections that are required in line with our policies and procedures, duty of care and relevant legislation. 4. 3 evaluate own practice in promoting a balanced approach to risk assessment. A good standard of record keeping is imperative to support our quality audits and framework for our risk management plans, risk assessment and person centre practice to lead a lifestyle of their choice.When evaluating our own practice and our documentation I will look at:- †¢ Policies, protocols and guidelines to keep staff and management informed †¢ Information regarding, health and safety, care delivery and CQC outcomes for best practice and positive outcomes for service users †¢ Information about systems, for example risk management plans, incident reporting. Complaints. Service user care plans Other ways to evaluate own practice is through regula r audits and regulatory inspections which enables a systematic assessment or estimation of the process or outcome of a work activity, to determine whether it is : Effective: making progress towards a particular goal †¢ Efficient: achieving a particular target with the least effort †¢ Economic: achieving a successful outcome with the minimum cost Essentially audits measure what the staff team are doing against what they should be doing. Internal and external audits involve systematically looking at the procedures within the practice that are used for diagnosis, care and support measures to our service user that enable them to lead a life of their choice, by examining how associated resources are used and nvestigating the effect carer has on the outcome and quality of life for the service user. Conversely, research is concerned with the identification of best practice, where a audit establishes, whether agreed best practice is being followed, and according to Smith (1992) Re search is concerned with discovering the right thing to do:† audit with ensuring that it is done right â€Å" and that we are involving service users in line with our person centred approach.Another system that we use to evaluate our practice for promoting a person centred practice that includes a balance approach to risk management is in our statutory care review meetings where the service user, their family, staff and other professionals will review the care plan and risk management plans to ensure that we are sill meeting the service user needs and that they are happy with the level of activities and levels of support they are receiving.Also these meetings may raise concerns and these concerns will be addressed to ensure that safety and wellbeing of the service user is being met either from staff within the home or by others. These changes will be recorded in their care plan and reviewed in line with our evaluation procedures. Any changes to a service users care plan will be discussed in our daily handover sessions and staff meetings to make sure that all staff who support the service user know of these changes and the additional resources and support that is being put in by the people who are supporting the service user.As the manager I will also use staff meetings, supervisions and training sessions to evaluate my own and others within the teams performance to ensure that we are meetings our health and safety requirements as well as promoting a person centred approach that ensure a balanced approach to risk assessments that cover the working activities in running a registered care home. 4. 4 analyse how helping others to understand the balance between risk and rights improves practice.To analyse and help to understand the balance of service users and the public involvement is part of everyday practice in the NHS (DH 2005b) who have identified a number of principles that underpin the delivery of resident – led services. PRINICIPLES OF RISK AN D RIGHTS FOR IMPROVMENTS HAVE BEEN TO UNDERPIN THE DELIVERY OF RESIDENT LED SERVICES †¢ Provide residents with the correct information and choices that allow them to feel in control – understanding that they are the best judge of their life/how they wish to live their life †¢ Ensure everyone receives not just high quality care, but care with consideration for their needs at all times. Treat people as human beings and as individuals, not just people to be processed †¢ Ensure people always feel valued by the service and are treated with respect, dignity, and compassion †¢ Explain what’s happening if things go wrong and why, and agree a way forward At the home when we complete our risk management plans we will involve the service user, their family and others who maybe supporting them from the wider community. I will discuss each task and outline any concerns that we may have and how these concerns can be addressed without imposing on the service users rights, dignity, choice etc. ut I must make sure that I protect the service user and the staff in carrying out the task etc. I feel this process of informing others, discussing the issues can go a long way in helping others to understand why things can be done and or cannot be undertaken unless additional measures are put in place. This process also assists others in seeing where the potential risk of harm may take place and why we are constantly reviewing our work activities and the abilities of the service users to cooperate with staff when carrying out an activity etc.The same process will be used in staff meetings to ensure that the team can fully understand their roles and responsibilities and reasons why additional measures have been put in place. Also when staff understand the culture of the organisation and the home they themselves will undertake the process without thinking and therefore ensure that the working environment is safe for everyone. By allowing others to unders tand the balance between risks and rights, you improve practice because they know what is acceptable and what isn’t.This makes work more positive and makes the care that is given more effective and more suitable to the service users that require it. By helping others to do this, you are helping them improve their job, and helping them develop with their own knowledge, which they can pass on to other employers; this is peer learning. 5. 1 obtain feedback on health, safety and risk management policies, procedures and practices form individuals and others. The polices, procedures and practices at the home have been developed, reviewed and updated in line with health and safety legislation and our CQC registration requirements.This ensures that the homes working practices are monitored, audited and inspected throughout the year and feedback from the records and reports are discussed and recommendations are implemented. These are reviewed yearly by the organisation and any feedbac k given is used to promote and improve the services within the home. The context of feedback can be used as a learning tool. The practice of over-learning produces reinforcement of a sense of achievement before moving on to the next stage, it can enable a person to move towards independence in a particular skill.The principles of feedback include beginning and ending with positive comments, any suggestion for development that focus on negative aspects of the skills should be included in the middle. The reason for that learning is closely associated with self-esteem and motivation for ensuring that the working environment is safe. CQC’s the essential standards of quality and safety consist of 28 outcomes that are set out in two pieces of legislation: The health and social care Act 2008 (regulated activities) Regulation 2012 and the Care Quality Commission (registration) regulations 2009 and for each regulation, there is an associated outcome – the xperiences that will b e expected of healthcare professionals as a result of the service and care provided and feedback for each outcome must be addressed by the manager. I will also get feedback from various health and safety contractors, visitor’s to the home who carry out regular maintenance work within the home, environmental health inspections etc. With all these visits to the home I will receive feedback on our good practice and compliance as well as areas in which we need to improve upon and non-compliances.This feedback is important to ensure that the team and I meet the required standards and that the home and our activities are undertaken in a safe manor. 5. 2. evaluate the health and safety and risk management policies and procedures and practices within the work setting At the Manor House, we have numerous policies and procedures in place, all spread over a wide variety. They include – †¢ Accident and Incident Reporting and Investigation †¢ Asbestos †¢ Building Mai ntenance †¢ Care Services Construction Management ~ Site Access and Surveying †¢ Consultation and Communication †¢ Contractors †¢ Electrical Safety †¢ Fire Safety †¢ First Aid †¢ Food Hygiene ~ Safety in Food Preparation Areas †¢ Gas Safety †¢ Grounds Maintenance †¢ Handling and Disposal of Waste †¢ Hazardous Substances ~ COSHH, Radon †¢ Health and Safety Information and Training †¢ Health and Safety Management ~ Monitory and Review, Inspections and Surveys †¢ Health and Wellbeing at Work ~ Alcohol, Drugs, CommunicableDisease, Immunisation, Pre-employment medical, Pregnant Women, Smoking, Stress, Work related absenteeism and Young persons. †¢ Manual handling †¢ Office safety ~ display screen equipment †¢ Personal Protective Equipment †¢ Personal safety, violence and lone working †¢ Property management ~ security and visitors, workplace standards, welfare facilities †¢ Risk Assessment †¢ Safe use and maintenance of equipment at work ~ lifts and lifting equipment, vehicles at work †¢ Sheltered schemes †¢ Water management †¢ Other guidance †¢ Definitions †¢ Amendment record Accidents and incidents – index of incident records form, RIDDOR reporting form, servite incident reporting form, care services residents incident reporting form o Workplace moving and handling assessments – moving and handling operations preliminary risk assessment form, moving and handling operations risk assessment form, moving and handling care plan o Workplace risk assessments and young person at work risk assessments – scheme/office/kitchen/staff room workplace risk assessment forms, copy of schemes contractors risk assessments or method statements, young persons at work risk assessment form, new and expectant mothers risk assessment, night worker health assessment form o Moving and handling equipment inspection record, moving and handling equipment inspection record, moving and handling equipment defects record o First aid records – first aid record sheet, first aid kit maintenance defects record o Water treatment records (including temperature monitory, flushing and de-scaling) – shower/spray flushing and de-scaling record sheet, water temperature record sheet o Food safety records – fridge and freezer temperature record sheet o Electrical test records (portable appliances and building installation – visual electrical inspection of void properties form, portable electrical equipment visual inspection record sheet, record of portable test, redundant equipment disposal form, dopy of building installation report and certificate o DSE assessment records Asbestos survey reports – scheme asbestos survey report o Gas safety records – record of reasonable steps taken (when no access granted) form, regional committee report on the progress of gas safety inspections form, gas servici ng report, copy of gas certificate o Control of substances hazardous to health assessments and safety data sheets – copies of safety data sheets for every cleaning product used at the scheme o Health and safety audit and survey reports – health and safety survey form, schemes health and safety audit report completed by the health and safety team o Passenger lift inspection records – copy of certificate, passenger lift inspection and insurance reports o Personal protective equipment maintenance records – reports o Lone worker alarm maintenance record – reports Remote alarm/pendant checks – pendant check form, remote alarm check form o 3rd party forms o Waste o Pest o Business continuity arrangements The positives of having all these policies, procedures and risk managements in place is that it covers everything, meaning that we know what is considered wrong and what is considered correct. The negatives are that because there are so many in pl ace, some can be left out or not remembered, leaving the work setting unsuitable for service users perhaps, or leaving the standard of care low; but because we have them all, and are all used frequently, they are all understood, this is a positive out of the negative situation. SEE AC 1. 2 5. :- identify areas of policies, procedures and practice that need improvement to ensure safety and protection in the work setting Here, there are few areas of policies and procedures of/and practice that may need improvement, this is because they are good, but not at the best standard I think they could be. These are: health and safety audits, the medication rounds, maintenance of equipment and staff training. The medication rounds could be improved by making them faster, or by having more staff working on it, to increase the speed of residents getting their required medication. The maintenance of equipment could be improved by having it done sooner rather than later, so there isn’t as mu ch of an issue if the equipment is required and cant be used as it isn’t working.Health and safety audits can be improved by making them more frequent and detailed, so you can understand the issues more and also notice where the good aspects are. Staff training can be improved by making it more important and motivational, and by making it more frequent to allow better development of career work. 5. 4 recommend changes to policies. procedures and practice that ensure safety and protection in the work setting The changes that I recommend would only be improvements, and the improvements would be to make the policies and procedures more ‘spread out’, so they cover more areas of the work setting, so everything has a policy or procedure to make it more effective and reliable.Reviewing the policies and procedures would be a start to see where the changes could happen and be recommended, to ensure safety I would recommend a change to the health and safety act policy, to give it a wider variety of protection of the work setting, to add more ‘safer’ equipment and make the environment safer, by having less dangerous objects around that could be harmful in anyway to a resident, visitor or staff member. I would recommend a change in the frequency of procedures dealing with forms and assessments, to make sure everything is checked frequently, to make sure there are no problems or issues that are missed if they are only checked every now and then, this would be like risk assessments, fire safety, equipment checks or kitchen assessments etc. There isn’t a lot I would recommend to change, but if I had to, it would be most likely to do with frequency or variety.